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णमो अरिहंताणं | णमो सिद्धाणं | णमो आयरियाणं | णमो उवज्झायणं | णमो लोए सव्व साहूणं | एसो पंच णमोक्कारो, सव्व पावप्प णासणो मंगलाणं च सव्वेसिं, पडमम हवई मंगलं |

What is a festival day (Parva - a Jain Festival) according to Jainism? The daily worship is always fruitful and useful for the upliftment of the soul, but the day of festival or parva is a special day of worshipping, a special kind of worshipping and there is always an ancient event joined with the day. The Parva has some special kind of rites that can increase merits for future. More Penance, more worship, more religious activities are done on the day of Parva. A Soul can create or bind the 'Aayushya Karma' of the next births in future. Every Parva is celebrated with some special rules and principles. The rites of worship and activities have some special kind of importance in Jain festivals.

Paryushan Parv

What is ‘Paryushan’? The words ‘paryusarg’ is an essence of the three words of “Pariupsaarg’ , ‘vasdhatu’ and ‘Anapratyey’. ‘Parisamantat samagrataya ushana vasana niwas’ literally translated means to get totally absorbed. Paryushana (or Paryusan) is one of the two most important festivals for the Jains, the other being Diwali. Normally Svetambara Jains refer it as Paryushana, while Digambara Jains refer it as Dasa Laksana. Paryushan means, literally, “abiding” or “coming together”. It is also a time when the laity take on vows of study and fasting with a spiritual intensity similar to temporary monasticism. The duration of Paryusana is for 8 days and comes at the time when the wandering monks take up temporary residence for four months of monsoon. In popular terminology, this stay is termed chaturmasa because the rainy season is regarded to be about four months. For this minimum duration, Paryushana must be initiated by panchami (fifth day) of the shukla phase of the Bhadrapada month. In the scriptures it is described that Lord Mahavira used to start Paryushana on Bhadrapada pak sha panchami. After Mahavir, nearly 150 years Jain Samvatsari was shifted to Chaturthi (4th day of Bhadrapada of Shukla phase. Since 2200 years Jains follows Chaturthi. The date for the Paryushana festival is thus Bhadrapada Shukla Chaturthi for both major sects. Because of computational and other differences, there can be some minor differences among various subsects. Recently there has been an attempt to standardize the date. Because at this time the monks have settled in the town for a longer duration, it is time for the householders to have an annual renewal of the faith by listening to the statement of the Dharma and by meditation and vratas (self-control). In the Digambaras, it is done by starting a 10-day period from Paryushana (Bhadrapada Shukla panchami) during which the dashalakshana vrata is undertaken. In the Shvetambaras an 8-day festival is celebrated that ends with Bhadrapada Shukla chaturthi. The last day is called Samvatsari, short for Samvatsari Pratikramana. During the 8-day festival, the Kalpa Sutra is recited in the Swetmbara sect, that includes a recitation of the section on birth of Lord Mahavira on the fifth day. In the Digambara sect the Tatvartha-sutra of Umaswati is recited. On the dashami, the sugandha-dashami vrata occurs. The Digambaras celebrate Ananta-chaturdashi on the chaturdashi, special worship is done on this day. Many towns have a procession leading to the main temple. The original Prakrit (ardhamagadhi) term for Paryushana is “Pajjo-savana”. In case of Jain terms, the Prakrit forms of the words are the original.

भगवान महावीर के अनुयायी जैन धर्मावलंबी भाद्रपद मास में पर्यूषण पर्व मनाते हैं. जैन धर्म में मुख्यतः दो सम्प्रदाय हैं - श्वेताम्बर संप्रदाय और दिगंबर संप्रदाय. श्वेताम्बर संप्रदाय पर्यूषण पर्व भाद्रपद मास के कृष्ण पक्ष की त्रयोदशी से भाद्रपद के शुक्ल पक्ष की पंचमी तक मनाते हैं जबकि दिगंबर संप्रदाय इस महापर्व को भाद्रपद मास के शुक्ल पक्ष पंचमी से चतुर्दशी तक मनाते हैं. पर्यूषण पर्व में अनुयायी जैन तीर्थंकरों की पूजा, सेवा और स्मरण करते हैं. इस पर्व में लोग 8 दिनों के लिए उपवास का व्रत लेते हैं, जिसे अटाई कहा जाता है. 8 दिनों के इस त्यौहार में एक दिन स्वप्ना दर्शन होता है, जिसमें बड़ी उत्सव के साथ त्रिशाला देवी की पूजा की जाती है. क्षमायाचना के इस महापर्व का मुख्य उद्धेश्य तपबल विकसित कर सारी सांसारिक प्रवृत्तियों को अहिंसा से सराबोर करना होता है. इस विशिष्ठ पर्व के सुअवसर पर जैन संत और विद्वान समाज को पर्यूषण पर्व की दशधर्मी शिक्षा को अनुसरण करने की प्रेरणा प्रदान करते हैं, क्योंकि महापर्व की इस शिक्षाओं के अंतर्गत अनुयायी उत्तम मार्दव धर्म को हृदय की कोमलता और स्वभाव की विनम्रता के माध्यम से अनुभव कर सकते हैं.पर्यूषण पर्व के सुअवसर पर जिनालयों और जैन मंदिरों में सुबह प्रवचनों और शाम में विविध धार्मिक व सांस्कृतिक कार्यक्रमों का आयोजन किया जाता है, जिसमें बड़ी संख्यां में जैन धर्मावलम्बी भाग लेते हैं|
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